Lung Cancer Awareness : What You Need to Know

• Dr.Amit Panday
• November 25, 2024

Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. According to the most recent GLOBOCAN data, lung cancer is the fourth most common cancer in India.

Lung cancer risk factors: Beyond tobacco smoking

Smoking remains the leading cause of lung cancer. However, an often overlooked and underestimated danger is secondhand smoke and exposure to air pollution, which many people encounter daily without realizing it. The World Health Organization (WHO) has consistently ranked several Indian cities among the world's most polluted. The alarming rise in vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass burning has led to a significant deterioration in AQI (Air Quality Index), particularly in urban areas. Residential radon (Individuals working in basement areas are particularly vulnerable to radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can accumulate indoors) and occupational exposure to asbestos is also associated with the development of lung cancer.

Early detection through screening :

While most people are familiar with screening procedures for cancers like breast, cervical, and colon cancer, many remain unaware of the options for lung cancer screening. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is an advanced imaging technique recommended for the early detection of lung cancer, particularly in individuals at high risk. By using lower levels of radiation than standard CT scans, LDCT offers a safer and highly effective method for identifying lung abnormalities at a stage when treatment can be most successful.

Who can undergo this screening :

Current or former heavy smokers, especially those aged 50–80. Individuals with a history of smoking equivalent to at least 20 pack-years. Those with additional risk factors, such as a family history of lung cancer or significant exposure to occupational or environmental carcinogens.

Lung cancer in India : Our Reality

Due to a lack of awareness and limited access to regular health check-ups, the majority of lung cancer patients in our country are diagnosed at stage 4, when the disease is more advanced and harder to treat.

Stage 4 lung cancer : targeted therapy (Magic Bullet)

Lung cancer is often driven by specific genetic alterations, known as targetable driver mutations, that fuel cancer growth. These mutations can be effectively identified using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) testing. Oral targeted therapies can provide prolonged disease control with manageable side effects. Always discuss with your oncologist about NGS testing and explore advanced options like targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
Let’s join hands to defeat this deadly disease through early detection, effective treatment, and by taking a stand to say no to tobacco. Together, we can save lives and create a healthier future!